Dental fillings, or just “fillings,” are exactly what they sound like. They fill the hole where a cavity once was, stopping tooth decay and reshaping the tooth. Amalgam fillings have been used to fill the teeth of those with cavities and other issues for more than a century. They are the most thoroughly researched and tested restorative material among all in use. In addition, they are durable, easy to use, and highly resistant to wear. Relative to the cost of other dental filling options, amalgam fillings are inexpensive.

This filling type is a stable alloy composed of mercury, silver, tin, copper, and sometimes other metallic elements. It is safe and commonly used. Recently, there have been concerns and questions raised over the safety of individuals concerning the continued use of mercury. Many people argue that because the mercury is combined with other metals, it is rendered stable and innate and not capable of harming people. The FDA is currently examining the issue of mercury and the claims of individuals in favor and against the element.

Fillings made of amalgam can withstand very high chewing loads. This trait makes them particularly useful when it comes to restoring molars in the back of the mouth where the chewing load is the greatest. In addition, they are also good for restoring areas of the mouth which are difficult to keep dry. This includes below the gum line restoration. Another strong trait of amalgam fillings is that they are biocompatible. This means that they are, generally speaking, well tolerated by patients’ bodies; however, there are rare occurrences of allergic reactions to the fillings.

While amalgam does have its benefits, it also has its disadvantages. For starters, following a restoration using amalgam, it is possible for short-term sensitivity to hot or cold to occur after the filling is placed. This is more of an annoyance than a long lasting problem. Another problem is that the silver-colored fillings do not look as natural as other tooth-colored options. This can be a cosmetic problem for individuals whose filling has to be placed near the front of the mouth in a way that allows the silver to show when the person smiles.